What were some of the challenges and difficulties associated with the construction of the Chrysler Building and the Empire State Building?
What is the irony associated with the construction of these two buildings?
How are the buildings a metaphor for the economic development of New York City and a sign of faith in its future?
Midtown and development Title: midtown zone is big business area (January 6, 1929 NYT) Forces working on a new tall building -forces are the same that worked on the first skyscraper in lower Manhattan -in the grand central zone and 42 street Explains Irwin s. Chanin in reviewing some of the recent operations in those localities Great demand -demand for office space and it continued for tall buildings -business is slowly moving uptown due to the difficulty in reaching downtown offices This is cause by traffic conditions and a changing mode of life -Retail shopping, theatre and hotel districts moved northward two-three times -centre’s are now moving to 59th street -smart shopping is done in 5th avenue and Madison Avenue in the 40s and 50s -Lexington av is capable of handling a large burden of traffic Apartment housing -Tudor city, Sutton place, first av, park av and Lexington av In the fifties have many new apartment houses and hotels New business buildings -in Lexington avenue, Madison avenue, forty second and forty six street location and are more than 30 stories high -Graybar building (now complete), Chanin building and the New York central building (nearing completion), the Lincoln and Chrysler buildings (work began recently) -skyscrapers will make one of the distinctive forces in the economic development of America
Title: millions of feet of office space added to grand central zone -prophets have been predicting a demoralized market for office space in the grand central district -the quantity of office space to come on the market must be confessed for may 1, 1929 Buildings -four outstanding buildings are the Graybar building, French bar building, bank of the us building (known as the Delmonico building) and the salmon building -were all in good shape by may 1 1927 -Chrysler building requires over 100,000 feet of space Title: new peaks in tall Manhattan range higher and still higher the city soars Chrysler building -tallest building in the world at this time -1030 feet high -bank of Manhattan falls 105 ft short of its rival…2nd tallest building -Woolworth tower is left 133 ft below (ruled the sky for nearly 25 years Empire state building Title: huge empire state opens this week (april 26, 1931 NYT) Empire State -Friday is the official opening -Size of a dozens ordinarily large office structures -Large percent of the space in building is rented Title: smith lays stone for tallest tower (September 10, 1930 NYT) Empire state -tallest structure ever to be built by man -1,248 ft above ground -on the site of the old Waldorf-Astoria at fifth avenue and 35th street -former governor, Alfred E. smith, president of empire state Inc. -copper bow Contains samples of the coinage and paper currency of 1930 in all dominations from 1 cent to 100 bills -85 stories high and two stories below grade -The mooring mast will make the building 1,248 ft because it extends 200 ft above the 85 floor -will cost 55,000,000 dollars Those present in the ceremony -Alfred e. smith, Robert h. Shreve and William f. lamb of Shreve, lamb & Harmon architects of the building (colonel Paul Starrett), contractors (Alfred e. smith Jr.), Robert c. brown Title:"Building of the Empire State, the Skyscraper Museum, 1 October 1998 -- 1 September 1999" from Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, vol. 59 no. 2 (June 2000), pp. 237-240. http://www.jstor.org.memex.lehman.cuny.edu:2048/sici?sici=0037-9808(2000)59:2%3C237:BTES%3E2.0.CO;2- Building the empire state building -First day of May 1931, the empire stood finished The gleaming modern office tower clad in aluminum spandrels and lime stone panels was already an icon on the Manhattan skyline. -Building on 34th street and 5th avenue (former site of the waldorf-astoria hotel) Construction had broken all records -Stands on 1,252 feet (tallest of the world) -Construction started on September of 1929 when Starrett brothers & Eken agreed to serve as general contractors - Shreve, lamb & Harmon (architects) signed on to the project one month before black Tuesday. -in just 22 months , the waldorf-astoria hed been demolished, the two acre site had been cleared, and thousands of construction workers turned steel, brick, mortar, glass and stone into 2.1 million square feet of commercial space, ready to rent -speed of construction left city incredulous (unbelievable) Steel frame rose at a rate of one floor a day throughout spring and summer 1930 -Taller than rivals Chrysler building and 40 wall street. -seemed to destined for commercial success Opening in 1931 most offices remained unlet City’s real estate market was oversupplied with office space and the depression had started taking its toll -financing and taxing cost 10,000 -enclosed within 11 months and finished in four more -approximately 83,725 ft of property and cost 17 million -needed to be taller so developers can make the profit Empire state building architecture -based on Willis’s discovery of a note book Probably based on department head at Starrett brother’s and Eken in 1930-31 Charted construction from the Waldorf-Astoria through the interior finish on the skyscraper 64 photographs depicting the construction of the building showed that the construction was dangerous human labor, daily log that recorded workers, trades, and tasks performed on the site Document-Based Framing Questions: ·What were some of the challenges and difficulties associated with the construction of the Chrysler Building and the Empire State Building? ·What is the irony associated with the construction of these two buildings? ·How are the buildings a metaphor for the economic development of New York City and a sign of faith in its future? 1.the show easily held its own in this big, elaborate space where a light touch was required, because nothing could be nailed to the walls (were covered with a rare wood paneling. Pierre s. du Pont and john Jacob Raskob made decisions about the architectural form that were driven by economic demands, the logistics of construction and the need for speed. The notebook had haunting pictures. Even at 80 stories tall it cannot hold its own in the spectacular fever that engulfed NY’s real estate market in 1929. They competed with Chrysler; they raised their height for their building can be taller. Empire of steel romanticizes industrial production, repressing the conflicts that existed in labor and capital in the 1930s 2.the location, one that contributed to the building’s unpopularity with tenants, helped the skyscraper achieve iconic status. Now is visible on the skyline since 1930s. Chrysler building Title: another skyscraper for the grand central zone (New York times 11/4/1928) Lincoln Building is going to erect In heart of Grand central office zone… opposite grand central station… facing Vanderbilt Avenue Fifty-three stories Description of the new building About 900 feet and rent roll for its use about 4,528,000 dollars. Due date Feb. 1930 Thirty elevators a restaurant two-subway entrances with direct connection to all subway lines and the grand central station. Lexington Avenue between 42 and 43 street Will rise 16 ft above the Woolworth building… it will be 67 stories… Title: Chrysler building 809 ft in height (NYT 3/10/1929) Details of the building It was under construction on the easterly Lexington av. block. The front is between 43 and 44 streets. Vice president is frank b. Rogers of the Walter P. Chrysler building corporation Will be 809 feet in height. Will make the tallest building in the world Estimated cost is 15 million dollars. Elevators- longest vertical transportation in the world... 900 ft. a minute… express elevators if run on a nonstop schedule 11,000 people can be comfortably housed in the building Plot is 37, 555 Title: Chrysler building escapes city taxes (NYT 4/23/1929) Chrysler building doesn’t have to pay taxes Will be free of city taxes unless the old law which exempts the land and building from taxation is changed or its interpretation altered by the courts Title: Chrysler building now the tallest edifice (NYT Oct. 16, 1929) The Chrysler building is now the tallest edifice Is 808 ft in height and passed the Woolworth building by 16 ft. The bank of Manhattan is expected to be 840 ft in height. The Chrysler building will at least hold its place for a couple of years. Elevators will be approximately 1000 ft a minute Title: Chrysler building opens (NYT 4/16/1930) This building is catching lots of attention Hundreds of visitors inspect the building Elevators were busy Several students from Lehigh University visited too.They are from electrical engineering classes Title: Chrysler plans 68 story building in midtown; $14,000,000 edifice to top Woolworth tower (NYT October 17, 1928) s. w. Straus & co for a loan of 7, 500,000 on the property The completed building and leasehold been appraised at 14 million dollars. Frank b. rovers, Nicholas Kelly, D.R McLain and harry c. Davis are associated with Mr. Chrysler in the building corporation. Willis h. Putnam associated with frank d. Veiller, negotiated the sale of the lease. William a. white & sons were the original brokers. Title: Cooper union tax opens big question (NYT April 24, 1929 Putting tax in the Chrysler building would probably affect the status of other properties in new York Property own by cooper union Effect properties owned by cooper union too that are free from taxes by special laws Chrysler building does not involve hundreds of millions of dollars worth of exempted property coming under the regular tax law. Status of property belonging to trinity Episcopal church, sailors snug harbor, Columbia university would not be change Church’s tax is for offices, banks and other businesses University’s leased to john d. Rockefeller are subject to taxation for a opera development Harbor pays taxes on several leased lands never to be sold in the territory between 6th and 10th street, 4th and 5th Av., Manhattan, Title: Chrysler building piercing the sky http://books.google.com/books?id=l4FvE5O_5yIC&pg=PA114&lpg=PA114&dq=Chrysler+Building:+Piercing+the+Sky&source=web&ots=TGBpMmurb8&sig=OSGKtG3Ab2LKWr25SxyeOXN283U&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=7&ct=result About Walter P. Chrysler Walter p. Chrysler use to make cars (Plymouth and Desoto). He had become one of the chief industrialists of USA. The 1920s were the days of great industrial progress in America. Walter born in 1875 and his father was a worker for the railroad. When he finished high school, he became the apprentice mechanic at the shops.By 1928, Chrysler Corporation became the second largest producer of automobiles in the world. William h. Reynolds was making a 67-story building, the Chrysler in Manhattan. The architect was William van Allen. He didn’t have enough money so he handed over the project to Walter p. Chrysler. Walter wanted to make it the tallest building in the world. He used his own money for the building can go on to his son. Manhattan bank building and the empire state building was also coming up at this time. This created a fierce race; it was the most intense race in skyscraper history. The architect was born in Brooklyn in 1882. In 1928, he was hired to make this building. Title: "The Chrysler Building," (www.salon.com) [[http://dir.salon.com/story/ent/masterpiece/2002/02/25/chrysler/index.html%3C/span%3E%3Cspan|http://dir.salon.com/story/ent/masterpiece/2002/02/25/chrysler/index.html<span]] style="FONT-FAMILY: Calibri">by: Stephanie Zacharek Completed on the spring of 1930 Van alen rival was the architect of the empire state building (h. craig severance viewed as a folly, a vanity project Added spire in November 1929 Architecture influenced by german expressionist Disappointing: nice things start to high and you can’t see it from the street Title: Chrysler building power point presentation The development (77 floors) By William H. Reynolds and William van Alen in 1928 Worlds tallest building from 1930-1931 Reynolds sold lease to Walter P. Chrysler Faced competition from the bank of Manhattan company(927 ft) Originally 808 ft, but then revised to 925 ft Van Alen made the 185 ft spire Cost 15 million (17 billion today) Owners Walter P. Chrysler, Sol Goldman and Alex DI Lorenzo, mass. Mutual Life Company, jack Kent Cooke (Washington DC investor), Tishman Speyer properties (25%) and TMW real estate group (75%) Current uses Offices occupied by various industries Retail stores Lobby open to public Observation desk (closed) Cloud club (closed in 1979) Architecture Art deco style White brick and metal façade Nirosta dome Exterior Black granite entrance 61st floor eagle Hubcaps Hood ornaments Interior Elegant lobby Beautiful murals Unique elevators 32 elevators built by Otis elevator corp. Tallest elevator in the world at time of construction Capable of rates up to 1200 ft/min, 20 ft/sec, deemed unsafe speed by city officials Construction Construction began 9/19/28 4 floors per week 185 ft spire Built in the elevator shaft Complete in 5/28/30 Lighting scheme installed in 1980s Renovated in 1978-79 Tallest standing brick building in the world Television and radio broadcasting Uppermost floor use to house mechanical and broadcasting equipment Former broadcasting home of WCBS-TV and several radio stations
Eduardo's Work
Eduardo Bueno The journal of the Society of Architectural Historians -34th street and 5 ave -1,252 feet tall stood the building over the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel -Tallest building in the whole wide world -An anonymous author keep progress of construction of the empire state since the demolition to the interior was finished.
Smith Skyscraper Has a Novel Design -Height of 1300 feet -Decision to become more affordable for tenants and neighbors -Make conditions of the building good for light and energy -5 entrances Eduardo Bueno The journal of the Society of Architectural Historians -34th street and 5 ave -1,252 feet tall stood the building over the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel -Tallest building in the whole wide world -An anonymous author keep progress of construction of the empire state since the demolition to the interior was finished. Smith Skyscraper Has a Novel Design -Height of 1300 feet -Decision to become more affordable for tenants and neighbors -Make conditions of the building good for light and energy -5 entrances $15 million Frank B. Rogers vice president, 809 feet tall, tallest buildin, elevators at top speed 900 feet travel per min, 11000 ppl may live there, 68 stories tall, 3rd document building free of city taxes if gov changes law, Walter P. Chrysler president, refuses to pay taxes to the government but wiill pay renting for the land, exemption granted in 1859.
The Romance of Construction -Born in 1875, young boy lived with his dad, -Interested in mechanics -Once graduating high school became apprentice of mechanics -25 years he owned 2nd to largest industrial development company Chrysler Corp. -Bought land from William H. Reynolds -Lends land to Chrysler -Chrysler uses his own money to continue building planned which may go on to his son -Chrysler wanted to make the building the tallest -Skyscraper race between the empire state builfing and the manhattan bank building -Make the building high but unable to tell how high it is -William Van Alen, artist who drew the buildings size http://books.google.com/books?id=l4FvE5O_5yIC&pg=PA114&lpg=PA114&dq=Chrysler+Building:+Piercing+the+Sky&source=web&ots=TGBpMmurb8&sig=OSGKtG3Ab2LKWr25SxyeOXN283U&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=7&ct=result#PPA135,M1 The Chrysler Building -Chrysler appearance in people, the way many people see it -Became the second largest building -Empire state building can’t relate to the Chrysler, almost the same yet appearance ifdifferent -Project originally belong to William J. Reynold and William van Alen was the architecture, -Soon project fell into The Chrysler Corp. to the president Walter. P Chrysler, renovated the building through ideas in the architecture and was the once to who completed the project. -Located in 42nd street -Huge tall building no one cant miss it -New Yorkers look up to the building
Document-Based Framing Questions:
Midtown and development
Title: midtown zone is big business area (January 6, 1929 NYT)
Forces working on a new tall building
-forces are the same that worked on the first skyscraper in lower Manhattan
-in the grand central zone and 42 street
Explains Irwin s. Chanin in reviewing some of the recent operations in those localities
Great demand
-demand for office space and it continued for tall buildings
-business is slowly moving uptown due to the difficulty in reaching downtown offices
This is cause by traffic conditions and a changing mode of life
-Retail shopping, theatre and hotel districts moved northward two-three times
-centre’s are now moving to 59th street
-smart shopping is done in 5th avenue and Madison Avenue in the 40s and 50s
-Lexington av is capable of handling a large burden of traffic
Apartment housing
-Tudor city, Sutton place, first av, park av and Lexington av In the fifties have many new apartment houses and hotels
New business buildings
-in Lexington avenue, Madison avenue, forty second and forty six street location and are more than 30 stories high
-Graybar building (now complete), Chanin building and the New York central building (nearing completion), the Lincoln and Chrysler buildings (work began recently)
-skyscrapers will make one of the distinctive forces in the economic development of America
Title: millions of feet of office space added to grand central zone
-prophets have been predicting a demoralized market for office space in the grand central district
-the quantity of office space to come on the market must be confessed for may 1, 1929
Buildings
-four outstanding buildings are the Graybar building, French bar building, bank of the us building (known as the Delmonico building) and the salmon building
-were all in good shape by may 1 1927
-Chrysler building requires over 100,000 feet of space
Title: new peaks in tall Manhattan range higher and still higher the city soars
Chrysler building
-tallest building in the world at this time
-1030 feet high
-bank of Manhattan falls 105 ft short of its rival…2nd tallest building
-Woolworth tower is left 133 ft below (ruled the sky for nearly 25 years
Empire state building
Title: huge empire state opens this week (april 26, 1931 NYT)
Empire State
-Friday is the official opening
-Size of a dozens ordinarily large office structures
-Large percent of the space in building is rented
Title: smith lays stone for tallest tower (September 10, 1930 NYT)
Empire state
-tallest structure ever to be built by man
-1,248 ft above ground
-on the site of the old Waldorf-Astoria at fifth avenue and 35th street
-former governor, Alfred E. smith, president of empire state Inc.
-copper bow
Contains samples of the coinage and paper currency of 1930 in all dominations from 1 cent to 100 bills
-85 stories high and two stories below grade
-The mooring mast will make the building 1,248 ft because it extends 200 ft above the 85 floor
-will cost 55,000,000 dollars
Those present in the ceremony
-Alfred e. smith, Robert h. Shreve and William f. lamb of Shreve, lamb & Harmon architects of the building (colonel Paul Starrett), contractors (Alfred e. smith Jr.), Robert c. brown
Title: "Building of the Empire State, the Skyscraper Museum, 1 October 1998 -- 1 September 1999" from Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians, vol. 59 no. 2 (June 2000), pp. 237-240.
http://www.jstor.org.memex.lehman.cuny.edu:2048/sici?sici=0037-9808(2000)59:2%3C237:BTES%3E2.0.CO;2-
Building the empire state building
-First day of May 1931, the empire stood finished
The gleaming modern office tower clad in aluminum spandrels and lime stone panels was already an icon on the Manhattan skyline.
-Building on 34th street and 5th avenue (former site of the waldorf-astoria hotel)
Construction had broken all records
-Stands on 1,252 feet (tallest of the world)
-Construction started on September of 1929 when Starrett brothers & Eken agreed to serve as general contractors
- Shreve, lamb & Harmon (architects) signed on to the project one month before black Tuesday.
-in just 22 months , the waldorf-astoria hed been demolished, the two acre site had been cleared, and thousands of construction workers turned steel, brick, mortar, glass and stone into 2.1 million square feet of commercial space, ready to rent
-speed of construction left city incredulous (unbelievable)
Steel frame rose at a rate of one floor a day throughout spring and summer 1930
-Taller than rivals
Chrysler building and 40 wall street.
-seemed to destined for commercial success
Opening in 1931 most offices remained unlet
City’s real estate market was oversupplied with office space and the depression had started taking its toll
-financing and taxing cost 10,000
-enclosed within 11 months and finished in four more
-approximately 83,725 ft of property and cost 17 million
-needed to be taller so developers can make the profit
Empire state building architecture
-based on Willis’s discovery of a note book
Probably based on department head at Starrett brother’s and Eken in 1930-31
Charted construction from the Waldorf-Astoria through the interior finish on the skyscraper
64 photographs depicting the construction of the building showed that the construction was dangerous human labor, daily log that recorded workers, trades, and tasks performed on the site
Document-Based Framing Questions:
· What were some of the challenges and difficulties associated with the construction of the Chrysler Building and the Empire State Building?
· What is the irony associated with the construction of these two buildings?
· How are the buildings a metaphor for the economic development of New York City and a sign of faith in its future?
1. the show easily held its own in this big, elaborate space where a light touch was required, because nothing could be nailed to the walls (were covered with a rare wood paneling. Pierre s. du Pont and john Jacob Raskob made decisions about the architectural form that were driven by economic demands, the logistics of construction and the need for speed. The notebook had haunting pictures. Even at 80 stories tall it cannot hold its own in the spectacular fever that engulfed NY’s real estate market in 1929. They competed with Chrysler; they raised their height for their building can be taller. Empire of steel romanticizes industrial production, repressing the conflicts that existed in labor and capital in the 1930s
2. the location, one that contributed to the building’s unpopularity with tenants, helped the skyscraper achieve iconic status. Now is visible on the skyline since 1930s.
Chrysler building
Title: another skyscraper for the grand central zone (New York times 11/4/1928)
Lincoln Building is going to erect
In heart of Grand central office zone… opposite grand central station… facing Vanderbilt Avenue
Fifty-three stories
Description of the new building
About 900 feet and rent roll for its use about 4,528,000 dollars.
Due date Feb. 1930
Thirty elevators a restaurant two-subway entrances with direct connection to all subway lines and the grand central station.
Lexington Avenue between 42 and 43 street
Will rise 16 ft above the Woolworth building… it will be 67 stories…
Title: Chrysler building 809 ft in height (NYT 3/10/1929)
Details of the building
It was under construction on the easterly Lexington av. block. The front is between 43 and 44 streets.
Vice president is frank b. Rogers of the Walter P. Chrysler building corporation
Will be 809 feet in height.
Will make the tallest building in the world
Estimated cost is 15 million dollars.
Elevators- longest vertical transportation in the world... 900 ft. a minute… express elevators if run on a nonstop schedule
11,000 people can be comfortably housed in the building
Plot is 37, 555
Title: Chrysler building escapes city taxes (NYT 4/23/1929)
Chrysler building doesn’t have to pay taxes
Will be free of city taxes unless the old law which exempts the land and building from taxation is changed or its interpretation altered by the courts
Title: Chrysler building now the tallest edifice (NYT Oct. 16, 1929)
The Chrysler building is now the tallest edifice
Is 808 ft in height and passed the Woolworth building by 16 ft.
The bank of Manhattan is expected to be 840 ft in height.
The Chrysler building will at least hold its place for a couple of years.
Elevators will be approximately 1000 ft a minute
Title: Chrysler building opens (NYT 4/16/1930)
This building is catching lots of attention
Hundreds of visitors inspect the building
Elevators were busy
Several students from Lehigh University visited too. They are from electrical engineering classes
Title: Chrysler plans 68 story building in midtown; $14,000,000 edifice to top Woolworth tower (NYT October 17, 1928)
s. w. Straus & co for a loan of 7, 500,000 on the property
The completed building and leasehold been appraised at 14 million dollars.
Frank b. rovers, Nicholas Kelly, D.R McLain and harry c. Davis are associated with Mr. Chrysler in the building corporation.
Willis h. Putnam associated with frank d. Veiller, negotiated the sale of the lease. William a. white & sons were the original brokers.
Title: Cooper union tax opens big question (NYT April 24, 1929
Putting tax in the Chrysler building would probably affect the status of other properties in new York
Property own by cooper union
Effect properties owned by cooper union too that are free from taxes by special laws
Chrysler building does not involve hundreds of millions of dollars worth of exempted property coming under the regular tax law.
Status of property belonging to trinity Episcopal church, sailors snug harbor, Columbia university would not be change
Church’s tax is for offices, banks and other businesses
University’s leased to john d. Rockefeller are subject to taxation for a opera development
Harbor pays taxes on several leased lands never to be sold in the territory between 6th and 10th street, 4th and 5th Av., Manhattan,
Title: Chrysler building piercing the sky
http://books.google.com/books?id=l4FvE5O_5yIC&pg=PA114&lpg=PA114&dq=Chrysler+Building:+Piercing+the+Sky&source=web&ots=TGBpMmurb8&sig=OSGKtG3Ab2LKWr25SxyeOXN283U&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=7&ct=result
About Walter P. Chrysler
Walter p. Chrysler use to make cars (Plymouth and Desoto). He had become one of the chief industrialists of USA. The 1920s were the days of great industrial progress in America. Walter born in 1875 and his father was a worker for the railroad. When he finished high school, he became the apprentice mechanic at the shops. By 1928, Chrysler Corporation became the second largest producer of automobiles in the world. William h. Reynolds was making a 67-story building, the Chrysler in Manhattan. The architect was William van Allen. He didn’t have enough money so he handed over the project to Walter p. Chrysler. Walter wanted to make it the tallest building in the world. He used his own money for the building can go on to his son. Manhattan bank building and the empire state building was also coming up at this time. This created a fierce race; it was the most intense race in skyscraper history.
The architect was born in Brooklyn in 1882. In 1928, he was hired to make this building.
Title: "The Chrysler Building," (www.salon.com)
[[http://dir.salon.com/story/ent/masterpiece/2002/02/25/chrysler/index.html%3C/span%3E%3Cspan|http://dir.salon.com/story/ent/masterpiece/2002/02/25/chrysler/index.html<span]] style="FONT-FAMILY: Calibri"> by: Stephanie Zacharek
Completed on the spring of 1930
Van alen rival was the architect of the empire state building (h. craig severance viewed as a folly, a vanity project
Added spire in November 1929
Architecture influenced by german expressionist
Disappointing: nice things start to high and you can’t see it from the street
Title: Chrysler building power point presentation
The development (77 floors)
By William H. Reynolds and William van Alen in 1928
Worlds tallest building from 1930-1931
Reynolds sold lease to Walter P. Chrysler
Faced competition from the bank of Manhattan company(927 ft)
Originally 808 ft, but then revised to 925 ft
Van Alen made the 185 ft spire
Cost 15 million (17 billion today)
Owners
Walter P. Chrysler, Sol Goldman and Alex DI Lorenzo, mass. Mutual Life Company, jack Kent Cooke (Washington DC investor), Tishman Speyer properties (25%) and TMW real estate group (75%)
Current uses
Offices occupied by various industries
Retail stores
Lobby open to public
Observation desk (closed)
Cloud club (closed in 1979)
Architecture
Art deco style
White brick and metal façade
Nirosta dome
Exterior
Black granite entrance
61st floor eagle
Hubcaps
Hood ornaments
Interior
Elegant lobby
Beautiful murals
Unique elevators
32 elevators built by Otis elevator corp.
Tallest elevator in the world at time of construction
Capable of rates up to 1200 ft/min, 20 ft/sec, deemed unsafe speed by city officials
Construction
Construction began 9/19/28
4 floors per week
185 ft spire
Built in the elevator shaft
Complete in 5/28/30
Lighting scheme installed in 1980s
Renovated in 1978-79
Tallest standing brick building in the world
Television and radio broadcasting
Uppermost floor use to house mechanical and broadcasting equipment
Former broadcasting home of WCBS-TV and several radio stations
Eduardo's Work
Eduardo Bueno
The journal of the Society of Architectural Historians
- 34th street and 5 ave
- 1,252 feet tall stood the building over the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel
- Tallest building in the whole wide world
- An anonymous author keep progress of construction of the empire state since the demolition to the interior was finished.
Smith Skyscraper Has a Novel Design
- Height of 1300 feet
- Decision to become more affordable for tenants and neighbors
- Make conditions of the building good for light and energy
- 5 entrances
Eduardo Bueno
The journal of the Society of Architectural Historians
- 34th street and 5 ave
- 1,252 feet tall stood the building over the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel
- Tallest building in the whole wide world
- An anonymous author keep progress of construction of the empire state since the demolition to the interior was finished.
Smith Skyscraper Has a Novel Design
- Height of 1300 feet
- Decision to become more affordable for tenants and neighbors
- Make conditions of the building good for light and energy
- 5 entrances
$15 million
Frank B. Rogers vice president,
809 feet tall, tallest buildin, elevators at top speed 900 feet travel per min, 11000 ppl may live there, 68 stories tall,
3rd document
building free of city taxes if gov changes law, Walter P. Chrysler president, refuses to pay taxes to the government but wiill pay renting for the land, exemption granted in 1859.
The Chrysler Building
Another Skyscraper for the Grand Central Zone
- -the creation of this new building in Grand Central
- -competition to beat the Lincoln building
[[https://bronx-institute-saturday-academy.wikispaces.com/space/showimage/Another%20Skyscraper%20for%20the%20Grand%20Central%20Zone.pdf%3C/span%3E%3Cspan|https://bronx-institute-saturday-academy.wikispaces.com/space/showimage/Another%20Skyscraper%20for%20the%20Grand%20Central%20Zone.pdf<span]] style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'">
Chrysler Building 809 Feet in Height
- -the construction of the building
- -809 feet high, 68 floors, 900 elevator travel per min
- -11,000 people may occupy the building
- -15,000,000 total cost
[[https://bronx-institute-saturday-academy.wikispaces.com/space/showimage/Chrysler%20Building%20809%20Feet%20in%20Height.pdf%3C/span%3E%3Cspan|https://bronx-institute-saturday-academy.wikispaces.com/space/showimage/Chrysler%20Building%20809%20Feet%20in%20Height.pdf<span]] style="FONT-SIZE: 8pt; LINE-HEIGHT: 115%; FONT-FAMILY: 'Century Gothic','sans-serif'">
Chrysler Building Escapes City Taxes
- Government exempt tax on Chrysler building
- President Walter P. Chrysler of the Chrysler Motor Corporation of Detroit,
- Refuses to pay tax to city but pays rent to the Cooper Union, owner of the site
- Completion in May 1930
- Tallest building
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Chrysler Building Opens
- Inspectors come into the building to inspect it
- Elevators were busy carrying inspectors and college students
- Texas company hold in the building
- People move in
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Chrysler Plans 68-story building in midtown, 14,000,000 edifices to top Woolworth tower
- 201 feet tall
- 37,500 area
- Beginning floors would be stores and top floors will become offices in companies
SECONDARY RESOURCES
The Romance of Construction
- Born in 1875, young boy lived with his dad,
- Interested in mechanics
- Once graduating high school became apprentice of mechanics
- 25 years he owned 2nd to largest industrial development company Chrysler Corp.
- Bought land from William H. Reynolds
- Lends land to Chrysler
- Chrysler uses his own money to continue building planned which may go on to his son
- Chrysler wanted to make the building the tallest
- Skyscraper race between the empire state builfing and the manhattan bank building
- Make the building high but unable to tell how high it is
- William Van Alen, artist who drew the buildings size
http://books.google.com/books?id=l4FvE5O_5yIC&pg=PA114&lpg=PA114&dq=Chrysler+Building:+Piercing+the+Sky&source=web&ots=TGBpMmurb8&sig=OSGKtG3Ab2LKWr25SxyeOXN283U&hl=en&sa=X&oi=book_result&resnum=7&ct=result#PPA135,M1
The Chrysler Building
- Chrysler appearance in people, the way many people see it
- Became the second largest building
- Empire state building can’t relate to the Chrysler, almost the same yet appearance if different
- Project originally belong to William J. Reynold and William van Alen was the architecture,
- Soon project fell into The Chrysler Corp. to the president Walter. P Chrysler, renovated the building through ideas in the architecture and was the once to who completed the project.
- Located in 42nd street
- Huge tall building no one cant miss it
- New Yorkers look up to the building
JONATHAN BELTRAN